LAG's (Liquids, Aerosols and Gels)

I have a friend who travelled from Johannesburg to Stuttgart via Frankfurt. He went through airport security at OR Tambo International, and  bought some chilli sauces at the duty free shop before going to the departure gate.
He was allowed to carry it in his hand luggage when boarding his flight to Frankfurt.
At Frankfurt airport he got a connecting flight to Stuttgart, and had to go through security again.
The sauces he bought was more than the allowed 100ml per container and he was told that he cannot take it through security and had to throw it in the dustbin.
The bottles were in a sealed duty free bag, this made no difference, the 100ml rule still applied.

The general rules concerning LAG's in your hand luggage are: 

• You are allowed to carry liquids, Aerosols and Gels in your hand luggage, in containers that have a maximum volume of 100ml (3.4 fluid ounces) each, but total capacity may not exceed one litre.
• The container size may not be over 100ml, even if it is only partially filled
• These containers must be packed in a re-sealable transparent plastic bag.
• Each passenger may carry only one of these bags
• These bags must be removed from your hand luggage and presented when going through airport security
• Any containers over 100ml should be placed in checked luggage

Baby food

Baby food and formula do not count as LAG's when you are travelling with a baby or small child (0-24 months), but must be presented when going through airport security


Medication

You are allowed to carry medication in your hand luggage but it must comply to the LAG rules.  It is advisable to have the prescription for your medication with you. You may be asked to taste your medicine in the presence of security personnel


Duty-free purchases
If you need to go through security at your connecting airport, it is better not to buy duty free LAG items (perfume, wine etc.) when departing on the first leg of your journey, but rather at the connecting airport on the final leg of your journey. LAG's purchased at duty free shops must be kept in the special sealed plastic bag.
Duty free shops usually supply these bags when you make a purchase. They may also ask to view your flight ticket and advise you on what you may take with you, but not always.
Some airports do allow you to bring in duty free LAG  items from certain counties on your connecting flight, confirm with your airline or travel agent. Certain rules might apply to these e.g. it must be in tamper free sealed bags

An example taken from the European regions airline association :
Passengers are currently allowed to buy LAGs in duty free shops at EU airports and on board EU airlines.
LAGs purchased at duty free shops at international airports in Croatia (6), Canada (all international airports), Malaysia (1), Singapore and the US (all international airports) can currently also be carried in connection through EU airports."

From IATA website - "Passengers should ask and make sure the liquid products they are buying will not be confiscated later on in their trip. Different countries have different requirements and determine if duty free purchased in another country is allowed or not. In certain countries, it will be placed in a sealed tamper-evident bag, with the proof of purchase. This is meant to allow the passenger’s purchases to go through other airports without being confiscated, although this needs an agreement between the countries concerned"

In-flight shopping

The rules for in-flight shopping differ from airport and airline. Some allow inflight duty free purchases onboard for transiting/transferring/connecting passengers if they are packed in transparent, sealed plastic bags with the receipt attached.  Make sure of what rules apply to you before making a purchase

Take note of the following:

LAG rules do not apply to checked luggage. Keep in mind that liquids add a lot of weight to luggage, so only take what you need.
If you need to take any LAG's with you in hand luggage (e.g toiletries or medicine) try to get sample sizes or fill small bottles (100ml each).

Examples of LAG's

Beverages e.g. water, juice, soup or wine
Liquid food e.g. soup, yogurt, jam
Gels e.g. toothpaste, hair and shower gel
Contents of aerosol cans e.g. shaving foam and deodorants
Cream, lotions and oils
Perfume

Explanation of terms used

Hand luggage
Also known as cabin baggage or carry-on luggage. It is the luggage that passengers are allowed to with them when boarding the plane. Airlines put restrictions on the maximum seize and weight of hand luggage. These restrictions is usually printed on your e-ticket or booking confirmation, if not contact your airline to find out more.

Checked luggage
The luggage you hand to the airline at the check in counters (or drop-off counters when checked in online).

If you are unsure about any of the LAG rules, or need more information, please contact your airline or travel agent

Some helpful websites

TSA - Transportation Security Administration

Airports Company South Africa

European regions airline association

IATA - Air Transport Association